Part 38 questions

IELTS Speaking Part 3: Cities and housing

Concrete, policy-shaped, and the theme most improved by naming an actual place.

Whether you can move between scales — one street, one city, the country — without losing the thread. The questions jump between them constantly.

Questions you can expect

Longer answers than Part 1 — thirty to forty-five seconds each. The examiner may disagree with you, which is the format working as intended.

  1. Why do people move from the countryside to cities?
  2. What problems do large cities face?
  3. Is housing affordable for young people in your country?
  4. Should cities have more green space?
  5. Are big cities becoming too similar to each other?
  6. How could public transport be improved?
  7. Is it better to live in a city or a small town?
  8. What will cities look like in fifty years?

How to build an answer here

  1. Name the city. A specific place makes every subsequent claim easier to speak and more credible.
  2. Give the pull and the push on the migration question — cities attract and countryside repels, and both matter.
  3. On problems, pick two and develop them rather than listing six.
  4. The future question needs speculative grammar throughout. Do not answer it in the present.

Language this theme needs

Part 3 is scored on whether you can generalise and speculate without overstating. These are the phrases that do that work in this particular area.

priced out of

the exact phrase for unaffordable housing

urban sprawl

precise planning vocabulary

amenities

the collective noun for local facilities

the cost of living

the central noun phrase in this theme

commuter belt

for the area people travel in from

I'd imagine cities will

hedged future for the prediction question

The trap in this theme

Listing city problems — pollution, traffic, crime, noise, cost — as a rapid inventory.

A list is not development, and Part 3 is scored on development. Two problems with causes and consequences is a better answer than six named.

Two of these, answered at band 8

Watch the moves, not the opinions — take a position, hedge it as far as you actually believe it, support it, and give the strongest objection its due. Your views can be the opposite of these and score the same. A memorised Part 3 answer is more obvious than a memorised Part 1 one, because the examiner follows up on what you just said and a script cannot survive the follow-up.

Why are so many people moving to cities?

Work, mostly, and I think the other reasons are secondary to it. Jobs cluster because firms want to be near each other and near a deep pool of people, and once that's happening the wage difference does the rest. What follows is a housing problem, because the building never keeps pace with the arriving. The cultural pull is real but I think it's mainly an explanation people give afterwards — very few people move somewhere expensive for the galleries.

Why it worksGives a primary cause and explicitly demotes the alternatives, then follows the chain to its consequence. The last sentence is a sharp, specific observation.

How could cities be made better places to live?

The thing with the highest return is probably making it possible not to drive, and that's less about transport than about distance. If the shop, the school and the doctor are within a walk, everything else gets easier — traffic, air, how much people run into each other. That's a planning question decided decades in advance, which is why it's so hard to fix retrospectively. Building more housing near the existing transport would do more than most of the things that get announced.

Why it worksIdentifies a root cause behind several surface problems, acknowledges the timescale constraint, and closes with a concrete proposal rather than a wish.

Other Part 3 themes

All 15 Part 3 themes

Practise being disagreed with

Oliver pushes back in Part 3 the way a real examiner does — not to catch you out, but because holding a position under mild pressure is exactly what is being scored. That is not something you can rehearse against a list of questions. The first test is free.

This guide is written from the publicly published IELTS Speaking band descriptors, in our own words. For the official wording, see the British Council's band descriptors. MockLive AI is an independent practice tool and is not affiliated with IELTS, the British Council, IDP or Cambridge Assessment English.