IELTS口语第三部分:健康与生活方式
关于责任和行为改变,而不是医学——既不需要也不欢迎专业知识。
你能否讨论人们为什么不去做他们明知应该做的事。这些问题看似关于事实,实际上关于激励、习惯和成本。
你可能会被问到的问题
比第一部分回答更长——每题三十到四十五秒。考官可能会反驳你,这正是这个环节的设计。
- Whose responsibility is people's health — the individual or the government?
- Why do people find it hard to keep healthy habits?
- Should unhealthy food be taxed?
- Do people get enough exercise these days?
- Has modern life made people more stressed?
- Should employers do more to support their staff's health?
- Is health advice confusing for ordinary people?
- How could cities encourage people to be more active?
这里如何组织回答
- 回答责任类问题时讲分工,而不是找一个罪魁祸首。
- 先用成本、时间和便利来解释行为,再谈意志力。这更准确,也能说出更好的句子。
- 在税收问题上认真对待这项政策——它对谁影响最大才是有意思的部分。
- 完全避开医学论断。这个主题里没有任何地方需要它们,说错一个只会分散注意力。
这个话题需要的表达
第三部分评的是你能否在不夸大的情况下进行概括和推测。这些是在这个领域能起到这种作用的表达。
a sedentary lifestyle
表示缺乏运动的精确术语
easier said than done
用于知道与做到之间的差距
it disproportionately affects
用于对某些群体打击更大的政策
get into the habit of
用于行为改变
preventative
如“preventative care”——语域精确
there's only so much
用于个人责任的局限
这个话题的陷阱
把健康状况差完全解释为懒惰或缺乏自律。
这是最没意思的回答,而且会把话题聊死。成本、工作时长、饮食环境、压力——任何一个都能重新打开话题,并展示更多的语言广度。
其中两道题的8分回答
看的是技巧,不是观点——表明立场,按你真正相信的程度加以限定,给出支撑,并正视最有力的反对意见。你的观点完全可以和这些相反,得分照样一样。背诵的第三部分回答比第一部分更容易被识破,因为考官会就你刚说的话追问,而背好的稿子经不起追问。
Should governments do more to encourage healthy lifestyles?
Yes, but through the environment rather than through advice. Telling people to eat better has been tried at enormous length and the results are poor, because almost nobody is unhealthy through ignorance. What does seem to work is changing what's easy — the price of things, what's near a school, whether a city is walkable. Those are unglamorous and they don't produce a campaign anyone can photograph, which I suspect is why the advice keeps coming instead.为什么有效区分了两类干预措施,用证据论证其中一类为什么失败,并对错误做法为何长期存在给出了一个有些愤世嫉俗但说得通的解释。
Are people healthier now than in the past?
Healthier in the sense that matters most — people live considerably longer and survive things that used to kill them routinely. Less healthy in some specific and quite modern ways: we move much less, we sit for work, and the food that's cheapest is the food that's worst. So the answer depends on whether you mean lifespan or daily condition. I'd take the modern version without hesitating, but I don't think the trend within it is going the right way.为什么有效从两个指向相反的衡量标准作答,说明更看重哪一个,再把水平与趋势区分开——三个不同的分析动作。
第三部分的其他话题
练习被反驳
Oliver会像真正的考官那样在第三部分反驳你——不是为了为难你,而是因为在轻微压力下坚持立场正是评分的内容。对着问题清单是练不出来的。第一次测试免费。
本指南依据公开发布的IELTS口语评分标准,用我们自己的话写成。官方原文请参阅 British Council的评分标准。MockLive AI是独立的练习工具,与IELTS、British Council、IDP及Cambridge University Press & Assessment均无关联。